{"id":18986,"date":"2022-12-23T09:17:22","date_gmt":"2022-12-23T08:17:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/the-institute\/"},"modified":"2026-03-04T15:31:12","modified_gmt":"2026-03-04T14:31:12","slug":"the-institute","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/en\/the-institute\/","title":{"rendered":"The Institute"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<header class=\"wp-block-group has-logo-gray-background-header opd-padding-v-8 has-custom-gray-bg-00-background-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-f00c8009 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-right:5%;padding-left:5%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:0rem\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-643ced6b wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\"><figure style=\"margin-top:0rem;\" class=\"is-hero-image-base is-hero-image-base--square wp-block-post-featured-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"391\" src=\"https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cache_cache_194d8721736f745d388d69d112de08bc_25dff54bf6f0697576b3d663674df70d.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"object-fit:cover;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cache_cache_194d8721736f745d388d69d112de08bc_25dff54bf6f0697576b3d663674df70d.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cache_cache_194d8721736f745d388d69d112de08bc_25dff54bf6f0697576b3d663674df70d-300x196.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\"><h1 style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:500; margin-bottom:0.5em;\" class=\"wp-block-post-title has-gigantic-font-size has-nib-pro-font-family\">The Institute<\/h1>\n\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:0em;\" class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt has-medium-font-size\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt\">The Opificio delle Pietre Dure (OPD) is a special autonomous institute of the Ministry of Culture, part of the Directorate-General for Archaeology, Fine Arts and Landscape, which operates as a centre of expertise and national reference in the field of art conservation, carrying out restoration, research and advanced training activities. Founded by Ferdinando I de&#8217;&hellip; <\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><!-- TABS TEMPLATE -->\n<div class=\"opd-container opd-padding-v-10\">\n    <div class=\"opd-tabs opd-tabs--vertical opd-tabs--navigation opd-grid opd-grid--tablet-5-7 opd-grid--4-8\" aria-labelledby=\"vertical-tablist-1\">\n        <h2 class=\"opd-accessible-hidden-text\" id=\"vertical-tablist-1\">Activity information<\/h2>\n            <div role=\"tablist\" aria-labelledby=\"vertical-tablist-1\" class=\"opd-tabs__tablist is-tablist is-manual\"><button id=\"vertical-tab-1\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" class=\"opd-tabs__tab is-tab history\" aria-selected=\"1\" aria-controls=\"vertical-tabpanel-1\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"focus\">History<\/span><\/button><button id=\"vertical-tab-2\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" class=\"opd-tabs__tab is-tab organisational-structure\" aria-selected=\"\" aria-controls=\"vertical-tabpanel-2\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"focus\">Organisational structure<\/span><\/button><button id=\"vertical-tab-3\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" class=\"opd-tabs__tab is-tab locations-and-contacts\" aria-selected=\"\" aria-controls=\"vertical-tabpanel-3\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"focus\">Locations and contacts<\/span><\/button><button id=\"vertical-tab-4\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" class=\"opd-tabs__tab is-tab publications\" aria-selected=\"\" aria-controls=\"vertical-tabpanel-4\" tabindex=\"-1\"><span class=\"focus\">Publications<\/span><\/button><\/div><section class=\"opd-tabs__tabpanel-wrapper\"><div id=\"vertical-tabpanel-1\" class=\"opd-tabs__tabpanel \" role=\"tabpanel\"  aria-labelledby=\"vertical-tab-1\"><div class=\"opd-page-body\"><h2>History<\/h2><p>The Opificio delle Pietre Dure (hereafter OPD) has its roots in Medicean Florence. <strong>The original Opificio<\/strong> was <strong>founded in 1588 by Ferdinando I de&#8217; Medici<\/strong> as a court manufactory specialised in the production of art objects made of semi-precious stones. Here, artistic items were created and then used to furnish the grand-ducal residences or offered as gifts. The Opificio was first located in the &#8216;Galleria dei lavori&#8217; in the eastern wing of the Uffizi.<\/p>\n<p>The manufactory continued to be operational under the Lorraine dynasty. For over three centuries, until the end of the nineteenth century, it worked at the ornamentation of the Cappella dei Principi in the Church of San Lorenzo (the mausoleum housing the Medici sepulchres). Evidence of this remarkable artistic period remains in <strong>the OPD Museum<\/strong> located in its historical headquarters in the Via degli Alfani.<\/p>\n<p>With the end of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the establishment of the Kingdom of Italy, the Opificio lost its main patron. Thanks to the far-sighted vision of its new Director, <strong>Edoardo Marchionni<\/strong>, it gradually transformed into a specialised centre for restoration. It expanded beyond the city of Florence and its province (the work on the mosaics of the dome of Florence\u2019s Baptistery was greatly important), and began operating also in the large-scale restoration of mosaics and stone materials in national and international spheres: the Baptistery of Albenga in Liguria, the main monuments in Ravenna, the Chapel of the Sacrament in the Cathedral of Reggio Calabria, the mosaic floors of Pomposa Abbey, the Cathedral of Salerno, the Roman buildings on the island of Kos, and elsewhere. After the Second World War, the Opificio contributed to the recovery of important works damaged by the war, focusing on the restoration of stone, mosaics, and terracotta.<\/p>\n<p>The modern-day Institute also owes its existence to the <strong>Gabinetto Restauri<\/strong> (Restoration Department) of the Soprintendenza delle Belle Arti of Florence, <strong>founded in 1932 by Ugo Procacci<\/strong>. This can be considered &#8211; for its early foundation &#8211; as the first modern restoration laboratory in Italy. One of the great contributions of the Gabinetto Restauri was the inclusion of <strong>scientific investigation<\/strong> as a preliminary activity in restoration works. This started with radiography, which then gave rise to the so-called era of &#8220;revelation restorations&#8221; that characterised the laboratory\u2019s activities until the 1950s.<\/p>\n<p>Following the tragic <strong>flood of Florence of 1966<\/strong>, the Gabinetto Restauri was transferred to a building inside the Fortezza da Basso (still the largest location of the OPD\u2019s laboratories) to house in a safe place a considerable number of works to be restored. This included very large pieces such as Cimabue&#8217;s painted crucifix from the Museo dell&#8217;Opera di Santa Croce. Thanks in part to the cooperation with restorers coming from all over the world to secure artworks affected by the flood, the Florentine laboratory became one of the most innovative restoration centres in the world as it combines tradition with technological modernity.<br \/>\nIn <strong>1975<\/strong>, after the law establishing the Ministry for Cultural and Environmental Heritage, the original Opificio and the Gabinetto Restauri of the Soprintendenza merged into a single entity under the name of <strong>Opificio delle Pietre Dure and its Restoration laboratories<\/strong>, corresponding to the modern-day institute.<\/p>\n<h3>OPD Directors<\/h3>\n<p>Umberto Baldini\u00a0 (1970-1983)<\/p>\n<p>Margherita Lenzini Moriondo \u00a0\u00a0(1983-1984)<\/p>\n<p>Anna Forlani Tempesti \u00a0(1984-1986)<\/p>\n<p>Antonio Paolucci\u00a0\u00a0(1986-1988)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/persone\/bonsanti-giorgio\/\">Giorgio Bonsanti<\/a>\u00a0 (1988-2000)<\/p>\n<p>Cristina Acidini\u00a0\u00a0(2000 2008)<\/p>\n<p>Bruno Santi\u00a0 (2008-2009)<\/p>\n<p>Isabella Lapi\u00a0(2009-2010)<\/p>\n<p>Cristina Acidini\u00a0\u00a0(2010-2012)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/persone\/ciatti-marco\/\">Marco Ciatti<\/a>\u00a0(2012-2022)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/persone\/daffra-emanuela\/\">Emanuela Daffra<\/a>\u00a0(2022- in corso)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div id=\"vertical-tabpanel-2\" class=\"opd-tabs__tabpanel is-hidden\" role=\"tabpanel\"  aria-labelledby=\"vertical-tab-2\"><div class=\"opd-page-body\"><h2>Organisational structure<\/h2><div class=\"opd-section-organization-structure\"><h3>Restoration departments<\/h3><h4>Restoration department: tapestries and carpets<\/h4><h4>Restoration department: bronze artefacts and ancient weapons<\/h4><h4>Restoration department: paper and parchment<\/h4><h4>Restoration department: ceramic, plastic, and glass materials<\/h4><h4>Restoration department: stone materials<\/h4><h4>Restoration department: mosaics and Florentine commesso<\/h4><h4>Restoration department: textiles<\/h4><h4>Restoration department: goldsmithery<\/h4><h4>Restoration department: Mural paintings and stucco decorations<\/h4><h4>Restoration department: polychrome wooden sculptures<\/h4><\/div><div class=\"opd-section-organization-structure\"><h3>Cross-area services<\/h3><h4>Archaeological Heritage Service<\/h4><\/div><div class=\"opd-section-organization-structure\"><h3>Scientific laboratory<\/h3><h4>Climatology and preventive conservation<\/h4><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"vertical-tabpanel-3\" class=\"opd-tabs__tabpanel is-hidden\" role=\"tabpanel\"  aria-labelledby=\"vertical-tab-3\"><div class=\"opd-page-body\"><h2>Locations and contacts<\/h2><h3>Posta Elettronica<\/h3>\n<p>Posta Elettronica Ordinaria (PEO): <a href=\"mailto:opd@cultura.gov.it\">opd@cultura.gov.it<\/a>\u00a0<em><br \/>\n<\/em>Posta Elettronica Certificata (PEC):\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:opd@pec.cultura.gov.it\">opd@pec.cultura.gov.it<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>Sede storica di via Alfani<\/h3>\n<h5>via degli Alfani, 78 &#8211; 50121 Firenze<\/h5>\n<p>tel. (centralino): +39 055 26511<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Museo dell&#8217;Opificio delle Pietre Dure: <a href=\"mailto:opd.museo@cultura.gov.it\">opd.museo@cultura.gov.it<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Scuola di Alta Formazione e Studio: <a href=\"mailto:opd.saf@cultura.gov.it\">opd.saf@cultura.gov.it<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Domande per stage e tirocini: <a href=\"mailto:opd.tirocini@cultura.gov.it\">opd.tirocini@cultura.gov.it<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Archivio OPD: <a href=\"mailto:opd.archivio@cultura.gov.it\">opd.archivio@cultura.gov.it<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Biblioteca &#8220;Ugo Procacci&#8221;: <a href=\"mailto:opd.biblioteca@cultura.gov.it\">opd.biblioteca@cultura.gov.it<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Direzione amministrativa: <a href=\"mailto:opd.ufficioamministrativo@cultura.gov.it\">opd.ufficioamministrativo@cultura.gov.it<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Ufficio acquisti: <a href=\"mailto:opd.acquisti@cultura.gov.it\">opd.acquisti@cultura.gov.it<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Servizio tecnico: <a href=\"mailto:opd.serviziotecnico@cultura.gov.it\">opd.serviziotecnico@cultura.gov.it<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Promozione culturale: <a href=\"mailto:opd.promozioneculturale@cultura.gov.it\">opd.promozioneculturale@cultura.gov.it<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Laboratori di restauro: settori Bronzi e armi antiche, Materiali ceramici, plastici e vitrei, Materiali lapidei, Mosaico e commesso fiorentino, Oreficerie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Sede della Fortezza da Basso<\/h3>\n<h5>Fortezza da Basso: viale F. Strozzi, 1 &#8211; 50129 Firenze<\/h5>\n<p>tel. (centralino): +39 055 46254<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Laboratori di restauro: settori Materiali cartacei e membranacei, Dipinti su tela e tavola, Pitture murali, Scultura lignea policroma, Materiali tessili<\/li>\n<li>Laboratori scientifici: Diagnostica non invasiva, Diagnostica micro-invasiva, Sviluppo di metodologie e materiali per la conservazione di beni culturali, Climatologia e conservazione preventiva<\/li>\n<li>Laboratorio fotografico<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Sede di Palazzo Vecchio<\/h3>\n<h5>Palazzo Vecchio, Sala delle Bandiere: Piazza della Signoria &#8211; 50122 Firenze<\/h5>\n<p>tel.: +39 055 2658307<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Laboratorio di restauro del settore Arazzi e tappeti<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><div id=\"vertical-tabpanel-4\" class=\"opd-tabs__tabpanel is-hidden\" role=\"tabpanel\"  aria-labelledby=\"vertical-tab-4\"><div class=\"opd-page-body\"><h2>Publications<\/h2>\n        <div class=\"opd-grid opd-grid--tablet-3 opd-grid--3\">\n\n                                                    <div class=\"opd-slider__slide\">\n                        \n<article class=\"opd-card opd-card--full-clickable opd-card--has-bg-thumb opd-card--square\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"opd-card__thumb\" src=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/opd\/assets\/images\/card-placeholder-square.png\" alt=\"Other publications\">\n    \n    <div class=\"opd-card__text\">\n        <h3 class=\"opd-card__title\">\n\n            \n                \n                \n                            \n            \n            <a href=\"https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/en\/categorie-pubblicazione\/other-publications\/\">Other publications<\/a>\n        <\/h3>\n    <\/div>\n<\/article>                    <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"opd-slider__slide\">\n                        \n<article class=\"opd-card opd-card--full-clickable opd-card--has-bg-thumb opd-card--square\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"opd-card__thumb\" src=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/opd\/assets\/images\/card-placeholder-square.png\" alt=\"Series Art and Restoration: Wall Paintings\">\n    \n    <div class=\"opd-card__text\">\n        <h3 class=\"opd-card__title\">\n\n            \n                \n                \n                            \n            \n            <a href=\"https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/en\/categorie-pubblicazione\/art-and-restoration-series-wall-paintings\/\">Series Art and Restoration: Wall Paintings<\/a>\n        <\/h3>\n    <\/div>\n<\/article>                    <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"opd-slider__slide\">\n                        \n<article class=\"opd-card opd-card--full-clickable opd-card--has-bg-thumb opd-card--square\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"opd-card__thumb\" src=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/opd\/assets\/images\/card-placeholder-square.png\" alt=\"Series Restoration to Studies\">\n    \n    <div class=\"opd-card__text\">\n        <h3 class=\"opd-card__title\">\n\n            \n                \n                \n                            \n            \n            <a href=\"https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/en\/categorie-pubblicazione\/from-restoration-to-studies\/\">Series Restoration to Studies<\/a>\n        <\/h3>\n    <\/div>\n<\/article>                    <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"opd-slider__slide\">\n                        \n<article class=\"opd-card opd-card--full-clickable opd-card--has-bg-thumb opd-card--square\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"opd-card__thumb\" src=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/opd\/assets\/images\/card-placeholder-square.png\" alt=\"Series Conservation and restoration problems\">\n    \n    <div class=\"opd-card__text\">\n        <h3 class=\"opd-card__title\">\n\n            \n                \n                \n                            \n            \n            <a href=\"https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/en\/categorie-pubblicazione\/conservation-and-restoration-problems\/\">Series Conservation and restoration problems<\/a>\n        <\/h3>\n    <\/div>\n<\/article>                    <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"opd-slider__slide\">\n                        \n<article class=\"opd-card opd-card--full-clickable opd-card--has-bg-thumb opd-card--square\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"opd-card__thumb\" src=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/opd\/assets\/images\/card-placeholder-square.png\" alt=\"OPD Restoration Anthologies\">\n    \n    <div class=\"opd-card__text\">\n        <h3 class=\"opd-card__title\">\n\n            \n                \n                \n                            \n            \n            <a href=\"https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/en\/categorie-pubblicazione\/opd-restoration-anthologies\/\">OPD Restoration Anthologies<\/a>\n        <\/h3>\n    <\/div>\n<\/article>                    <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"opd-slider__slide\">\n                        \n<article class=\"opd-card opd-card--full-clickable opd-card--has-bg-thumb opd-card--square\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"opd-card__thumb\" src=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/opd\/assets\/images\/card-placeholder-square.png\" alt=\"OPD Restoration Magazine\">\n    \n    <div class=\"opd-card__text\">\n        <h3 class=\"opd-card__title\">\n\n            \n                \n                \n                            \n            \n            <a href=\"https:\/\/opificiodellepietredure.cultura.gov.it\/en\/categorie-pubblicazione\/opd-restoration-magazine\/\">OPD Restoration Magazine<\/a>\n        <\/h3>\n    <\/div>\n<\/article>                    <\/div>\n            \n        <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/section>    <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div id=\"sezione-video\" class=\"wp-block-group opd-padding-v-14 has-custom-gray-bg-00-background-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group opd-container is-layout-flow wp-container-core-group-is-layout-15ea44a4 wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Opificio delle Pietre Dure: Presentation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Opificio delle Pietre Dure. La Soprintendente Emanuela Daffra presenta l&#039;Istituto (luglio 2023)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/BGmSTzq0pT0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Opificio delle Pietre Dure (OPD) is a special autonomous institute of the Ministry of Culture, part of the Directorate-General for Archaeology, Fine Arts and Landscape, which operates as a centre of expertise and national reference in the field of art conservation, carrying out restoration, research and advanced training activities. <br \/>Founded by Ferdinando I de&#8217; Medici as a manufacturer of semi-precious stone furnishings, at the end of the 19th century it converted its activity to restoration, merging with the Superintendency&#8217;s Restoration Laboratory after the 1966 flood. <br \/>Today, the OPD is home to state-of-the-art restoration workshops divided into 11 sectors based on the materials used in the works and two cross-cutting services for archaeological heritage and contemporary art, a School of Advanced Training and Study (SAFS) which awards a diploma equivalent to a master&#8217;s degree in Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage, a museum of artistic production in semi-precious stones, a specialised library, a rich archive, a scientific laboratory and a research centre on climatology.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2025,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"wp-custom-template-page-clean-base","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[0],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-18986","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Institute | OPD<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Opificio delle Pietre Dure (OPD) is an institute with special autonomy under the Ministry of Culture, a centre of expertise and national reference in the field of art conservation. 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